The Gold-Legged Frog by Khamsing Srinwark Essay Example

The Gold The Gold-Legged Frog by Khamsing Srinwark Essay The Gold-Legged Frog by Khamsing Srinwark Essay Essay Topic: Literature The character of Nak is born into a life of hardship and there are many things that make his life seem anything but lucky. The environment of the country that Nak lives in and depends on is difficult and hostile. Early morning it is freezing cold the morning cold had pierced his bones but by mid day the sun is so hot it is hard just to work outside the sun blazed, he knew it meant giddiness and sunstroke, Nak relies on the land and so the harsh climate does not make it easy. Nak as a rice farmer relies on the earth and his crops but his environment makes this another hardship, the land is stricken with drought, want, disaster and death the fields are completely starved of water cracks of the parched earth this must make it extremely difficult to bring in enough food to feed his family which relies on him. We are shown Naks frustration at this angry at the weather capable of such endless torture Naks poverty makes his living conditions also harsh, the food they eat frogs with morning rice is very basic and must be monotonous and boring. But there is no money for Nak to spend on food, youre poor so they rely on what can be found around his home land snail or razor clam he would take these as well this diet must not be very healthy. The lack of modern medicine available to Nak must make his life seem very unlucky. He has to rely on faith healers and herbalists without antibiotics, vaccinations or any other the treatments for illness we would take for granted. Naks treatment from the deputy district officer, the authority, is disrespectful, snobbish and rude, the deputy district officer raised his fat face to stare at him for a moment then when spoke to he is insulted Idiot him and the others waiting to see the deputy are made to wait an hour outside like unworthy subjects. This behaviour from the government Nak must feel is a last hope for him and his family must be extremely de-motivating and must make Nak feel himself like he is born to suffer, youre at the end of your tether and you turn to the authorities only to be put down The final straw for Nak is having to leave is son in a state where he could die any moment, we see the sons good relation ship with his father, Pa, heres another one. Pa and when the snake bit Naks sons hand he carried his child this shows how much Nak loved his son. Nak is then faced with an awful decision to make, to stay with his dieing son and face jail if you dont go, you simply go to jail or leave his son, who could die at any moment. For Nak to make this decision is cruel and extremely unlucky, the timing of the government offering the money for families with five or more children and his son suffering a snake bite can only be seen as anything but lucky. Nak makes the harsh decision to leave his son in a critical condition to receive the money, which itself was very difficult, cant you see my boys gasping out his life? How can I go? He cried this shows Naks desperation and anger at the events. When Nak returns he finds his son dead. one more day and youd be out of two hundred baht although we do not find out Naks reaction to this, we know how much Nak cares for his son, and the final death of his son was surely heartbreaking. In conclusion, there are so many things which make Naks life anything but lucky; the environment he lives in, his poverty, hardship, treatment, living conditions, and most importantly the death of his son. All these reasons could easy make you believe the view that Nak was born to suffer.

WARD Name Meaning and Surname Origin

WARD Name Meaning and Surname Origin Ward is a popular  last name of Old English and Old Gaelic origins dating back prior to the Norman Conquest of 1066.   The Old English surname Ward has several possible meanings: An  occupational surname for a guard or keeper of the watch, from the Old English weard, meaning guard.A geographical or topographical surname for a person who lived near a guardhouse or fortress.Also possibly as a topographical surname from the word werd, meaning marsh. The Ward surname may also be of Irish origin from the Irish last name McWard and variations such as MacAward, MacEvard, MacEward, and Macanward. It derives from the old Gaelic name Mac an Bhaird, from the prefix Mac, meaning son of and bhaird, a Gaelic word meaning bard or poet. Ward may also possibly be an Americanized form of the French surname Guerin, which means guard. Ward is the 71st most popular surname in the United States. Ward is also popular in England, coming in as the 31st most common surname. Statistics collected in Ireland from the 1891 census peg Ward as the 78th most common Irish surname. Surname Origin:  English, Irish Alternate Surname Spellings:  WARDE, WARDEN, WARDMAN, WORDMAN, WARDS, MCWARD, WARDLE, WARDLOW, WARDALE Famous People With the Last Name WARD ​Julia Ward Howe - best known as writer of Battle Hymn of the RepublicBilly Ward and his Dominoes - successful African-American RB vocal groupAaron Montgomery Ward - founder of the Montgomery Ward catalog and retail storeHines Ward - former NFL wide receiver for the Pittsburgh SteelersM. Ward - American singer, songwriter Genealogy Resources for the WARD Surname 100 Most Common U.S. Surnames Their MeaningsSmith, Johnson, Williams, Jones, Brown... Are you one of the millions of Americans sporting one of these top 100 common last names from the 2000 census? Ward, Wardle, Warden DNA ProjectThe goal of this Y-DNA surname project is to identify WARD family relationships by placing them each within their own unique y-DNA groups, allowing researchers within those groups to work toward discovery of their common ancestor. WARD Family Genealogy ForumSearch this popular genealogy forum for the Ward surname to find others who might be researching your ancestors, or post your own Ward query. FamilySearch - WARD Family HistoryAccess free vital, census, military, and other records, plus lineage-linked family trees posted for the Ward surname and its variations. WARD Surname Family Mailing ListsRootsWeb hosts several free mailing lists for researchers of the Ward surname. DistantCousin.com - WARD Genealogy Family HistoryFree databases and genealogy links for the last name Ward. Looking for the meaning of a given name? Check out First Name Meanings Cant find your last name listed? Suggest a surname to be added to the Glossary of Surname Meanings Origins. - References: Surname Meanings Origins Cottle, Basil. Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967. Menk, Lars. A Dictionary of German Jewish Surnames. Avotaynu, 2005. Beider, Alexander. A Dictionary of Jewish Surnames from Galicia. Avotaynu, 2004. Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges. A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989. Hanks, Patrick. Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003. Smith, Elsdon C. American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997.

Single Cell Protein Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Single Cell Protein - Essay Example Although, there is a global shortage of protein, the shortage is in developing countries which cannot afford this technology. There are several advantages in using microorganisms as a food source. They occupy less room then conventional crops and animals; therefore they can grow on a wide range of cheap or waste products of agriculture and industry. They grow much more rapidly, are more easily modified by genetic engineering and so have relatively high protein content. They are independent of climate and do not occupy the large areas of land. There also are fewer ethical issues associated with there exploitation and no animal rights issues. There are different uses of yeast and fungi; like it can produce dietary supplements known as single cell protein (SCP). Yeast species are efficient in producing large amounts of different types of vitamins and is also used in the commercial production of that vitamin. Other species like yeasts can also be utilized in brewing, which can absorb as well as store vitamins from their food. It is healthy for people to take yeasts as vitamin supplements. Yeast fungi can also produce huge amount of useful stuff such as numerous enzymes, industrial alcohol, glycerol and fat. The yeasts are also helpful in commercial production of these substances. The Single Cell Protein (SCP) is produced by using bacteria, fungi, yeast or algae. SCP, for the time being, is very successful for using alternative cheaper proteins such as Soya bean, and lack of research into value-added products derived from microorganisms. Recent studies show that autolysis is an efficient method of extracting protein from the yeast; the internal cell's enzymes actions can actually cause the breakdown of cell constituents. If yeast is exposed at a very high temperature, it can speed up the process of autolysis. In reality, getting the best result of the finished product (in terms of flavor, quality or yield), totally depends on the solubiliszation of the cell contents in autolysis; it is a vital and indispensable step. In spite of this significant process, there are few common understandings of these biological modifications which happen during autolysis. Furthermore, almost every study on yeast autolysis have only been conducted with only one Saccharomyces cerevisiae know as yeast specie,and no study have been done to know the autolysis reaction of different species. Yeast was treated in laboratory which fermented the production; presently a lot of research is in progress in the department of Chemical & Life Sciences which is also examining other species like Kluyveromyces marxianus (dairy yeast),as it can produce novel yeast extracts. SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data) software is also assisting this procedure and the effect of reaction of the substance that is acted upon by an enzyme or ferment on consequential nutritive value and flavor enhancement is still being investigated. According to the recent research it is been found that yeast which produce protein contains highly nutritional matter (up to 50% dry weight basis). Therefore, controlled conditions during autolysis will result in the activation of yeast proteases which degrade yeast proteins into soluble peptides and amino acids. Another name of SCP is microbial protein or microbial food. Due to the

Organizational culture and IT infrastructure in concurrence with Essay

Organizational culture and IT infrastructure in concurrence with knowledge management - Essay Example A culture does not typically change quickly, but in order to keep up with technology, an adaptable culture must be designed. In conducting the research for this paper, the focus has been placed on the following objectives: To identify and define organizational culture, IT infrastructure, and knowledge management. To create a framework of understanding on how these three aspects of an organization are effectively integrated. To conduct an analysis of these three concepts and formulate a working concept on how best to design and implement them within an organizational structure. Introduction The creation of IT infrastructure is designed to facilitate the management of knowledge in regard to how IT is implemented and in what ways the hardware and software will need to be attended. The choices that are made at this time will affect how responsibility is distributed and where responsibility will be held in regard to keeping systems up and running. Responsibility is in direct correlation t o knowledge and the level to which knowledge is managed and disseminated and can only be held when appropriate knowledge has been disseminated. Organizational culture is in direct alignment with how knowledge is managed and in how the IT infrastructure is designed in reference to its effective use. Literature Review Organizational culture is defined by Martin (2001) as a way to â€Å"explain ‘how things are done around here,’ the ways in which offices are arranged and personal items are or are not displayed, jokes people tell, the working atmosphere (hushed and luxurious or dirty and noisy), the relationships among people†¦aspects of working life† (p. 3). One of the primary factors in how a organizational culture is created is through the affect that leadership has upon the nature of the traditions, habits, and belief systems within a system. According to Schein (2004), â€Å"Culture is both a dynamic phenomenon that surrounds us at all time, being constant ly enacted and created by our interactions with others and shaped by leadership behavior, and a set of structures, routines, rules and norms that guide and constrain behavior† (p, 1). IT infrastructure is the â€Å"equipment, systems software, and services used in common across an organization regardless of mission, or project†¦the foundation on which mission, program, or project specific systems and capabilities are built† (Leonard, 2009, p. 139). Part of that structure is defined by the way in which the culture of an organization is developed and how that has influenced the management of information. In creating an IT infrastructure, an organization must also construct a way in which to manage the knowledge of its use at the various levels that this specific knowledge must be shared and integrated into formal use. According to Khosrowpour (2004), â€Å"Communication between IT and business should be pervasive throughout the organization, informal, regularly occu rring, and use rich methods such as e-mail, video-conferencing, and face-to-face†(p. 442). The report goes on to relay the idea that an important awareness has been reached about the connection between the organizational culture and the IT infrastruc

Protecting Personal Financial Information :: Health, CMR, HIPAA

The US financial sector sets guidelines by providing incentives for firms to protect their personal financial information. Some examples of privacy are â€Å". California’s Security Breach Notification Act, Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act, Fair Credit Reporting Act, and Family Education Rights and Privacy Act† (Johnston & Warkentin, 2008). These privacy policies help companies to protect human rights and finance of companies. One of strongest driving factor of health care enhancements are HIPAA regulation of 1996 (Frost & Sullivan, 2008).The health insurance portability and accountability act of 1996 is passed by US congress to protect health information of patients. The aim of HIPAA regulation is protection and assurance of privacy of medical information. The law is set to protect any health related information of patients which is recorded or created by any health care provider (Smith, 2000). Health care faced many challenges to protect health information. The increase in number and cost of private health information, absence of uniform standards for disclosures, patient access, control, and sharing information led HIPAA to pass law in 1996 (Kumar, Henseler, & Haukaas, 2009). HIPAA’s goal was to control patient information disclosure, get more patients access their records, secure data storage, and data transfer (Kumar, Henseler, & Haukaas, 2009). HIPAA also mandates legal activities and penalties for violation of rules .The law has three parts which are privacy information, transaction rule, and security rule. Privacy rule indicates which information needs to be kept private, transactional rule implies data exchange information, and security rule implies security for data transfer (Kumar, Hensele , & Haukaas). HIPAA regulations set rules for vendors to develop a tool or a product which can comply with security rules. With clear security regulations provided by HIPAA, vendors for EHR technology can provide a secure data exchange and compliant record systems. The vendors made all efforts to build a safe and secure data storage product to comply with HIPAA (Miller & Sim, 2004). Health care spend only 2 % of gross revenue in health care improvements where as banking spends around 10% of their gross revenue in their process improvements (Gupta & Murtaza, 2009). With new security rules health care needs to spend their revenue in reforming health care and introducing more techniques to improve patient care. HIPAA mandates several things like necessary information can be shared; providers need to give all patient related info to patients and disclose it on behalf of patients (Gupta & Murtaza, 2009).

Diabetes mellitus, Essay

Since diabetes is such a complex disease with many different forms, we decided to focus on diabetes type I. This is known as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). This type of diabetes includes people who are dependant on injections of insulin on a daily basis in order to satisfy the bodies insulin needs, they cannot survive without these injections. OVERVIEW OF DIABETES TYPE I What is diabetes type I? In order to understand the disease we firstly need to know about insulin. Insulin is a hormone. The role of insulin is to convert the food we eat into various useful substances, discarding everything that is wasteful. It is the job of insulin to see that the useful substances are put to best use for our well-being. The useful substances are used for building cells, are made ready for immediate expenditure as energy and also stored for later energy expenditure. The cause of diabetes is an absolute or lack of the hormone insulin. As a result of this lack of insulin the processes that involve converting the foods we eat into various useful substances does not occur. Insulin comes from the beta cells which are located in the pancreas. In the case of diabetes type I almost all of the beta cells have been destroyed. Therefore daily injections of insulin become essential to life. Health implications of diabetes type I One of the products that is of vital importance in our bodies is glucose, a simple carbohydrate sugar which is needed by virtually every part of our body as fuel to function. Insulin controls the amount of glucose distributed to vital organs and also the muscles. In diabetics due to the lack of insulin and therefore the control of glucose given to different body parts they face death if they don’t inject themselves with insulin daily. Since strict monitoring of diabetes is needed for the control of the disease, little room is left for carelessness. As a result diabetic patients are susceptible to many other diseases and serious conditions if a proper course of treatment is not followed. Other diseases a diabetic is open to: Cardiovascular disease, stroke, Peripheral artery disease, gangrene, kidney disease, blindness, hypertension, nerve damage, impotence etc. Basically there is an increased incident of infection in diabetic sufferers. Therefore special care needs to be taken to decrease the chances of getting these other serious diseases. PHYSICAL ACTIVITY What is physical activity? (Bouchard 1988) States that physical activity is any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles resulting in energy expenditure. Therefore this includes sports and leisure activities of all forms. Why do we need physical activity in our lives? Physical activity and exercise helps tune the â€Å"human machine†, our bodies. Imagine a car constantly driven only to stop for fuel. It would be a client for all sorts of damage, rusting, oil leaking, dehydration and the chances are most likely it would die in the middle of the road not long after. This is what the body would be like if we didn’t exercise at all. We would be and as a result of todays lifestyle many of us are, the perfect target to all kinds of diseases and infections. For those of us who are carrier of some disease or illness we are still encouraged to exercise by our physicians if we have the strength to. This is to help make our organs, muscles, bones and arteries more efficient and better equipped to fight against the disease or illness. This is our way of counter attacking. And if we are still healthy then we reduce the chances of getting an illness or a disease. PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND DIABETES (EPIDEMIOLOGY) Recently insulin injections have become available to dependant patients. However in the pre-insulin era physical exercise was one of the few therapies available to physicians in combating diabetes. For an IDDM carrier to benefit from exercise they need to be well aware of their body and the consequences of exercising. If an IDDM carrier has no real control over their situation and just exercise without considering their diet, time of insulin intake, type of exercise, duration of the exercise and the intensity, then the results can be very hazardous to the patient. In the first journal article that I used for this part of the research (Sutton 1981) had conducted an investigation on â€Å"drugs used in metabolic disorders†. The article is designed to provide some background information on previous beliefs and research conducted early this century. As well as his own investigations conducted during the beginning of the 1980’s. He has compared the results and came to the same conclusion as the investigations done early in this century. Sutton’s findings show that decrease in blood glucose following an insulin injection was magnified when the insulin was followed by physical activity/exercise (see figure 1). This shows that if a person gets involved in physical activity or exercise after insulin the volume of glucose drops dramatically. This leads to symptoms of hypoglycemia. The reason this occurs is that glucose uptake by muscles increase during exercise, in spite of no change or even a diminishing plasma insulin concentration. As a result of this type of information we know now that if a patient is not controlled through a good diet and program then they could put themselves in danger. A person who might be poorly maintained and ketotic will become even more ketotic and hypoglycimic. Good nutrition is of great importance to any individual especially one that exercises. In the case of diabetes even more consideration must go into the selection of food before and after exercise. Doctors suggest large intakes of carbohydrates before exercise for diabetes carriers to meet the glucose needs of the muscles. The second article that I used was that of Konen, et al. He and his colleagues conducted testing and research on â€Å"changes in diabetic urinary and transferrin excretion after moderate exercise†. This article was a report of the way the research was conducted and it’s findings. The researched found that urinary proteins, particularly albumin, increase in urinary excretion after moderate exercise. Albumin which is associated with micro- and macrovascular diseases in diabetic patience was found to increase significantly in IDDM patients, while remaining normal in non-diabetics. (See table 1 and 2 for results) These results cannot be conclusive to say that this shows that exercise causes other micro- and macrovascular diseases in diabetics. Since albumin is not associated with any disease in non-diabetics then the same may be the case for diabetics as well. However further research is required to find out why such a significant increase occurs in diabetic patients and what it really means. It obvious that there are many very complicated issues associated with diabetes which cannot be explained at this stage. Therefore much more research is required and it’s only a matter of time for these complications to resolved. Although there are no firm evidence to suggest that exercise will improve or worsen diabetes still it is recommended by physicians. Aristotle and the Indian physician, Sushruta, suggested the use of exercise in the treatment of diabetic patients as early as 600 B.C. And during late last century and early this century many physician claimed that the need for insulin decreased in exercising patients. The benefits of exercise in non-diabetic individuals is well known. For example reduce the risk of heart disease. This makes exercise very important to diabetic carriers since they are at a greater risk of getting heart disease than non-diabetics. Unquestionably, it’s important for diabetics to optimise cardiovascular and pulmonary parameters as it is for non-diabetic individual. Improved fitness can improve one’s sense of well-being and ability to cope with physical and psychological stresses that can be aggravated in diabetes.

White Oak, A Top 100 Common Tree in North America